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Complete Health Indicator Report of Child physical abuse, self-reported

Definition

Self-reported child physical abuse data is retrospective data collected from adults via the Utah BRFSS Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) Module and youth via the Utah YRBS tier 2 ACEs and Positive Childhood Experiences (PCEs) questionnaire. Adult prevalence is looking retrospectively at their whole childhood (<18), while youth prevalence only looks back at the previous 12 months.

Numerator

The number of youth or adults who indicated at least one instance of physical abuse on the YRBS (2021) or BRFSS (2013, 2016, 2018, 2020).

Denominator

The total number of youth or adults who provided any response to the physical abuse question on the YRBS (2021) or BRFSS (2013, 2016, 2018, 2020).

Data Interpretation Issues

BRFSS (Adults) Not including spanking, (before age 18), how often did a parent or adult in your home ever hit, beat, kick, or physically hurt you in any way? Would you say? (Possible answers: Never, Once, More than once) YRBS (Youth) During the past 12 months, how many times has a parent or other adult in your home hit, beat, kicked, or physically hurt you in any way? (Possible answers: 0, 1, 2 or 3, 4 or 5, or 6+ times) Response options from both surveys were dichotomized into whether or not physical abuse occurred at all. The responses are subjective, however, the subjective reality is what seems to matter when considering the potential for long-term negative impacts.

Why Is This Important?

All types of child abuse represent a threat to public health. Child physical abuse is one of eight commonly tracked adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and research into child abuse and neglect (CAN) and ACEs has consistently shown the potential for many negative long-term impacts on health, opportunity, and well-being. Tracking child abuse prevalence is a complicated task and some of the best data available are self-reported retrospective data which gives a more complete view of prevalence over child protective services or hospital data.

Healthy People Objective: Reduce nonfatal child maltreatment

U.S. Target: 8.5 maltreatment victims per 1,000 children

How Do We Compare With the U.S.?

When comparing BRFSS data, the prevalence of physical child abuse in Utah is higher than nationally (21.4% or ~1 in 5 vs 17.9% or ~1 in 6). National prevalence comes from a 2018 Merrick, et al. study that included 2011-2014 BRFSS data from 23 states, while Utah prevalence is from the ACEs Module included in the Utah BRFSS in 2013, 2016, 2018, and 2020. Source: Merrick, M.T., Ford, D.C., Ports, K. A., Guinn, A. S. (2018). Prevalence of Adverse Childhood Experiences From the 2011-2014 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System in 23 States. JAMA Pediatrics, 172(11), 1038-1044.

Evidence-based Practices

Promote safe stable nurturing relationships and environments for all children by: *Strengthen economic support for families *Strengthen social norms to connect with and support parents and youth *Enhance parenting skills to promote healthy child development *Promote quality care and education early in life *Intervene to lessen harm and prevent future risk


Graphical Data Views

Self-reported child physical abuse prevalence (Utah YRBS/youth and age-adjusted BRFSS/adults) by sex and data source, Utah, 2021 (YRBS) and 2013, 2016, 2018, 2020 (BRFSS)

::chart - missing::
confidence limits

There was no significant difference in the prevalence of physical abuse between male and female adults looking back at their childhoods (~1 in 5). Female youth, however, indicated a significantly higher prevalence of physical abuse in the last 12 months than male youth (~1 in 8 vs ~1 in 11).
Males vs. FemalesAdults/youthPercentageLower LimitUpper LimitNoteNumer- atorDenom- inator
Record Count: 6
MaleAdults21.920.922.92,512
MaleYouth9.27.311.5705
FemaleAdults21.020.022.02,568
FemaleYouth12.19.615.1significantly higher than male youth781
TotalAdults21.420.722.15,084
TotalYouth10.69.212.31,497

Data Notes

Adult/BRFSS and youth/YRBS physical abuse data are each collected with different questions that include different time frames. The physical abuse question utilized in the YRBS has only been asked one time in 2021, while the BRFSS question has been asked in 2013, 2016, 2018, and 2020.


Self-reported child physical abuse prevalence (YRBS/youth and BRFSS/adults) by grade/age-group, Utah, 2021 (YRBS) and 2013, 2016, 2018, 2020 (BRFSS)

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confidence limits

11th-grade youth respondents indicated the highest prevalence of physical abuse in the last 12 months (~1 in 8), but there was no significant difference in prevalence by school grade. Adults 35-49 indicated a significantly higher prevalence of physical abuse during their childhood than the overall state adult prevalence (~1 in 4 vs ~1 in 5), while adults 65+ indicated a significantly lower prevalence than the overall state adult prevalence (~1 in 6 vs ~1 in 5).
PercentageLower LimitUpper LimitNoteNumer- atorDenom- inator
Record Count: 8
9th graders10.68.014.0485
10th graders10.68.413.2488
11th graders12.99.617.0303
12th graders8.14.813.4206
Ages 18-3421.420.122.81,199
Ages 35-4924.423.025.8significantly higher than the state adult prevalence1,437
Ages 50-6421.820.523.21,308
Ages 65+15.514.416.6significantly lower than the state adult prevalence1,140

Data Notes

Adult/BRFSS and youth/YRBS physical abuse data are each collected with different questions that include different time frames. The physical abuse question utilized in the YRBS has only been asked one time in 2021, while the BRFSS question has been asked in 2013, 2016, 2018, and 2020.


Self-reported child physical abuse prevalence (BRFSS, age-adjusted) by race/ethnicity, Utah, 2013, 2016, 2018, 2020

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confidence limits

Adults who indicated American Indian/Alaska Native (non-Hispanic) or Hispanic/Latino had a significantly higher prevalence of physical abuse during their childhood than all races and ethnicities together (~1 in 3 and 1 in 4 vs ~1 in 5), while White (non-Hispanic) adults had a significantly lower prevalence (both ~1 in 5).
Race/Ethnicity GroupPercentageLower LimitUpper LimitNoteNumer- ator
Record Count: 9
Hispanic/Latino27.925.330.7significantly higher than the state prevalence504
Two or more races24.717.733.352
American Indian/Alaska Native, non-Hispanic/Latino33.726.541.8significantly higher than the state prevalence80
Asian, non-Hispanic/Latino18.713.732.228
Black/African American, non-Hispanic/Latino23.215.633.142
Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, non-Hispanic/Latino21.513.732.228
White, non-Hispanic/Latino20.219.420.9significantly lower than the state prevalence4,272
Unknown25.919.134.253
All races/ethnicities21.420.722.15,084

Data Notes

Analysis by race and ethnicity only utilizes age-adjusted adult data collected in the 2013, 2016, 2018, and 2020 BRFSS and not youth/YRBS data.


Self-reported child physical abuse prevalence (BRFSS, age-adjusted) by sexual orientation, Utah, 2013, 2016, 2018, 2020

::chart - missing::
confidence limits

Adults who indicated a sexual orientation other than heterosexual (homosexual, bisexual, or other) had a significantly higher prevalence of physical abuse during their childhood than the overall state prevalence (~1 in 3 vs ~1 in 5).
PercentageLower LimitUpper LimitNoteNumer- ator
Record Count: 2
Heterosexual20.720.021.44,635
Other32.528.936.3significantly higher than the state prevalence375

Data Notes

Analysis by sexual orientation only utilizes age-adjusted adult data collected in the 2013, 2016, 2018, and 2020 BRFSS and not youth/YRBS data.


Self-reported child physical abuse prevalence (BRFSS, age-adjusted) by disability type, Utah, 2013, 2016, 2018, 2020

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confidence limits

Adults who indicated any type of disability (cognitive, mobility, self-care, independent living, difficulty seeing/blind, or difficulty hearing/deaf) all had a significantly higher prevalence of physical abuse during their childhood than adults with no disability, and significantly higher than the overall state prevalence (all ~1 in 3 vs ~1 in 5).
Disability TypePercentageLower LimitUpper LimitNoteNumer- ator
Record Count: 7
Cognitive disability37.835.240.4significantly higher than the state prevalence902
Mobility disability34.931.138.9significantly higher than the state prevalence821
Self-care disability35.229.441.5significantly higher than the state prevalence229
Independent living disability39.235.443.1significantly higher than the state prevalence485
Difficulty seeing or blind34.029.239.3significantly higher than the state prevalence278
Difficulty hearing or deaf34.829.340.8significantly higher than the state prevalence375
No disability19.018.219.85,084

Data Notes

Analysis by disability type only utilizes age-adjusted adult data collected in the 2013, 2016, 2018, and 2020 BRFSS and not youth/YRBS data.


Self-reported child physical abuse prevalence (BRFSS, age-adjusted) by education, Utah, 2013, 2016, 2018, 2020

::chart - missing::
confidence limits

Adults with an education level less than a high school or high school/G.E.D. indicated a significantly higher prevalence of physical abuse during their childhood than the overall state adult prevalence (~1 in 4 vs ~1 in 5), while adult college graduates indicated a significantly lower prevalence than the overall state prevalence (~1 in 6 vs ~1 in 5).
Education LevelPercentageLower LimitUpper LimitNoteNumer- ator
Record Count: 5
Less than high school29.125.832.6significantly higher than the state prevalence302
H.S. grad or G.E.D.23.522.124.9significantly higher than the state prevalence1,331
Some post high school21.520.422.71,767
College graduate17.616.518.8significantly lower than the state prevalence1,676
Total21.420.722.15,084

Data Notes

Analysis by education only utilizes age-adjusted adult data collected in the 2013, 2016, 2018, and 2020 BRFSS and not youth/YRBS data.


Self-reported child physical abuse prevalence (BRFSS, age-adjusted) by income, Utah, 2013, 2016, 2018, 2020

::chart - missing::
confidence limits

Adults who indicated a household income of <$25,000 a year or $25,000-$49,999 had a significantly higher prevalence of physical abuse during their childhood than the overall state prevalence (~1 in 4 vs ~1 in 5), while adults with household incomes of $75,000+ indicated a significantly lower prevalence than the overall state prevalence (both ~1 in 5).
Income CategoryPercentageLower LimitUpper LimitNoteNumer- ator
Record Count: 5
<$25,00028.326.230.5significantly higher than the state prevalence934
$25,000-$49,99923.121.524.9significantly higher than the state prevalence1,044
$50,000-$74,99921.619.923.4833
$75,000+18.617.619.7significantly lower than the state prevalence1,657
Total21.420.722.15,084

Data Notes

Analysis by income only utilizes age-adjusted adult data collected in the 2013, 2016, 2018, and 2020 BRFSS and not youth/YRBS data.


Self-reported child physical abuse prevalence (BRFSS, age-adjusted) by local health district, Utah, 2013, 2016, 2018, 2020

::chart - missing::
confidence limits

Adults in Salt Lake County, Tooele County, and Weber-Morgan had a significantly higher prevalence of physical abuse during their childhood than the overall state prevalence (~1 in 4 vs ~1 in 5). Adults in Bear River, Central Utah, Summit County, Wasatch County, and San Juan County had a significantly lower prevalence than the state (~1 in 5-7 vs ~1 in 5).
Local Health DistrictPercentageLower LimitUpper LimitNoteNumer- ator
Record Count: 14
Bear River18.616.221.2significantly lower than the state prevalence265
Central17.614.421.2significantly lower than the state prevalence243
Davis County19.817.921.9468
Salt Lake County23.322.124.7significantly higher than the state prevalence1,564
San Juan14.29.720.3significantly lower than the state prevalence57
Southeast20.216.424.6173
Southwest20.318.023.0324
Summit14.611.518.4significantly lower than the state prevalence96
Tooele25.722.029.8significantly higher than the state prevalence264
TriCounty19.016.222.2269
Utah County20.018.521.7738
Wasatch14.811.319.2significantly lower than the state prevalence104
Weber-Morgan23.821.626.2significantly higher than the state prevalence470
State of Utah21.420.722.15,084

Data Notes

Analysis by geography only utilizes age-adjusted adult data collected in the 2013, 2016, 2018, and 2020 BRFSS and not youth/YRBS data.


Self-reported child physical abuse prevalence (BRFSS, age-adjusted) by small area, Utah, 2013, 2016, 2018, 2020

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confidence limits

Adults in the Utah Small Areas of Ogden (Downtown), Riverdale, Layton/South Weber, West Valley (East) V22, Salt Lake City (Downtown) V2, South Salt Lake, Kearns V2, Taylorsville (West), Sandy (West), Tooele County (Other), and Orem (North) had a significantly higher prevalence of physical abuse during their childhood than the overall state prevalence (~1 in 3-4 vs ~1 in 5). Adults in the Utah Small Areas of North Logan, Hyrum, Weber County (East), Kaysville/Fruit Heights, Woods Cross/West Bountiful, American Fork, Orem (West), Spanish Fork, Mapleton, Summit County (East), Wasatch County, Nephi/Mona, Delta/Fillmore, Blanding/Monticello, and Hurricane/La Verkin had a significantly lower prevalence of physical abuse during their childhood than the overall state prevalence (~1 in 7-11 vs ~1 in 5).
Utah Small AreasPercentageLower LimitUpper LimitNoteNumer- ator
Record Count: 100
Brigham City24.818.532.343
Box Elder Co (Other) V222.614.533.523
Tremonton16.29.725.819
Logan V219.915.725.085
North Logan11.67.018.6significantly lower than the state prevalence27
Cache (Other)/Rich (All) V216.210.823.536
Hyrum10.24.620.9significantly lower than the state prevalence, *interpret w/caution6
Smithfield18.611.329.017
Ben Lomond23.919.628.9108
Weber County (East)12.59.216.8significantly lower than the state prevalence54
Morgan County14.78.424.315
Ogden (Downtown)28.622.735.3significantly higher than the state prevalence78
South Ogden24.919.131.871
Roy/Hooper26.321.232.181
Riverdale29.422.137.8significantly higher than the state prevalence56
Clearfield Area/Hooper19.715.524.777
Layton/South Weber25.821.830.4significantly higher than the state prevalence145
Kaysville/Fruit Heights15.311.120.6significantly lower than the state prevalence50
Syracuse17.612.124.936
Centerville25.616.737.024
Farmington17.510.128.722
North Salt Lake14.79.122.719
Woods Cross/West Bountiful12.47.520.0significantly lower than the state prevalence17
Bountiful17.913.723.068
SLC (Rose Park)27.520.835.550
SLC (Avenues)15.810.323.528
SLC (Foothill/East Bench)17.510.827.026
Magna25.818.135.434
SLC (Glendale) V219.812.829.223
West Valley (Center)20.515.426.762
West Valley (West) V217.111.524.731
West Valley (East) V232.125.439.7significantly higher than the state prevalence85
SLC (Downtown) V229.122.237.1significantly higher than the state prevalence66
SLC (Southeast Liberty)22.015.430.638
South Salt Lake32.624.541.9significantly higher than the state prevalence55
SLC (Sugar House)25.318.433.853
Millcreek (South)15.19.024.225
Millcreek (East)19.011.929.032
Holladay V221.514.131.330
Cottonwood17.512.623.853
Kearns V230.824.038.5significantly higher than the state prevalence71
Taylorsville (E)/Murray (W)24.217.432.550
Taylorsville (West)36.428.545.1significantly higher than the state prevalence73
Murray27.120.435.060
Midvale25.518.434.341
West Jordan (Northeast) V225.318.433.647
West Jordan (Southeast)21.715.829.148
West Jordan (W)/Copperton18.613.624.948
South Jordan V216.812.222.647
Daybreak24.516.335.229
Sandy (West)30.122.539.0significantly higher than the state prevalence49
Sandy (Center) V220.914.629.136
Sandy (Northeast)13.68.321.722
Sandy (Southeast)21.014.629.339
Draper15.911.222.141
Riverton/Bluffdale23.817.131.956
Herriman21.316.127.659
Tooele County (Other)36.627.247.1significantly higher than the state prevalence66
Tooele Valley22.719.126.8192
Eagle Mountain/Cedar Valley24.816.635.330
Lehi18.914.624.170
Saratoga Springs18.111.926.727
American Fork15.010.720.7significantly lower than the state prevalence52
Alpine11.05.221.6*interpret w/caution11
Pleasant Grove/Lindon22.817.629.169
Orem (North)29.523.236.7significantly higher than the state prevalence63
Orem (West)11.37.616.6significantly lower than the state prevalence32
Orem (East)18.211.926.934
Provo/BYU19.413.926.544
Provo (West City Center)25.518.633.951
Provo (East City Center)18.311.128.726
Salem City23.615.035.221
Spanish Fork15.310.921.0significantly lower than the state prevalence44
Springville23.016.730.849
Mapleton12.36.921.1significantly lower than the state prevalence15
Utah County (South) V229.219.541.421
Payson21.315.129.244
Park City16.211.822.053
Summit County (East)12.88.918.2significantly lower than the state prevalence39
Wasatch County14.811.319.2significantly lower than the state prevalence104
Daggett and Uintah County18.515.022.5169
Duchesne County19.715.524.8100
Nephi/Mona12.17.120.0significantly lower than the state prevalence21
Delta/Fillmore13.38.320.9significantly lower than the state prevalence30
Sanpete Valley18.113.524.069
Central (Other)18.912.926.974
Richfield/Monroe/Salina18.312.825.441
Carbon County23.317.530.488
Emery County16.912.322.856
Grand County18.110.828.929
Blanding/Monticello9.56.014.7significantly lower than the state prevalence35
San Juan County (Other)20.711.933.521
St. George22.518.327.3114
Washington Co (Other) V216.19.426.218
Washington City20.613.430.427
Hurricane/La Verkin13.38.220.9significantly lower than the state prevalence19
Ivins/Santa Clara19.011.529.919
Cedar City19.414.625.260
Southwest LHD (Other)22.916.531.057
State of Utah21.420.722.15,084

Data Notes

Analysis by geography only utilizes age-adjusted adult data collected in the 2013, 2016, 2018, and 2020 BRFSS and not youth/YRBS data.

More Resources and Links

Evidence-based community health improvement ideas and interventions may be found at the following sites:

Additional indicator data by state and county may be found on these Websites:

Medical literature can be queried at the PubMed website.

Page Content Updated On 10/07/2022, Published on 06/15/2023
The information provided above is from the Utah Department of Health's Center for Health Data IBIS-PH web site (http://epht.health.utah.gov). The information published on this website may be reproduced without permission. Please use the following citation: " Retrieved Fri, 22 November 2024 23:50:33 from Utah Department of Health, Center for Health Data, Indicator-Based Information System for Public Health Web site: http://epht.health.utah.gov ".

Content updated: Fri, 26 Jul 2024 17:57:29 MDT