Risk Factors
There are racial and ethnic disparities in rates of SMM in Utah, with Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, African American/Black, Native American/Alaska Native, Asian, and Hispanic women having higher rates of SMM compared to non-Hispanic White women. Individuals living in rural areas also experience higher rates of SMM, compared to those in urban locations. [https://www.ajogmfm.org/article/S2589-9333(19)30106-5/fulltext#:~:text=Prepregnancy%20overweight%20and%20obesity%2C%20advanced,associated%20with%20severe%20maternal%20morbidit Other characteristics associated with higher rates of SMM] include older maternal age, being overweight or obese, experiencing excessive or inadequate gestational weight gain, pre-existing conditions such as hypertension and diabetes, having six or more prior births, and individuals who deliver very preterm (at 32 weeks gestation or earlier).