Definition

Number of Recreational Waterborne Disease Outbreaks (RWBDO) identified in Utah each year. A RWBDO is defined as a water exposure in which two or more persons have been epidemiologically linked to treated recreational water by location and time of exposure, and illness onset. Treated recreational water sources may include, but are not limited to, the following: swimming pools, hot tubs, spas, water parks, water play areas, and interactive fountains.

Numerator

Number of RWBDOs identified in Utah.

Denominator

Not applicable.

Why Is This Important?

These data are useful for expanding our understanding of the scope of waterborne disease, identifying important factors associated with unsafe or unhealthy recreational water, supporting public health recommendations, and encouraging improved water-quality policies and regulations.

How Do We Compare With the U.S.?

Utah has not had any large recreational waterborne illness outbreaks in the past five years. The U.S. has seen an increase in RWBDO since 2007, but that may be due to increased surveillance.

What Is Being Done?

Waterborne disease outbreaks are reportable in Utah. Local health departments investigate outbreaks to determine source of outbreaks, risks to the public, and to implement control measures. In response to the 2007 statewide ''Cryptosporidium'' outbreak, local and state public health implemented restrictions on swimming for persons in diapers, persons who had been ill, and persons who were still ill. It appears these restrictions helped stop the outbreak. A proactive education campaign and other prevention measures were implemented immediately following the end of the 2007 outbreak and continue to be implemented each year during the swim season (May through September).

Available Services

The public is encouraged to contact their local health department or the Utah Department of Health and Human Services with any recreational waterborne disease or recreational waterborne disease outbreak questions.

Data Notes

The U.S. RWBDO data are derived from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Surveillance for Waterborne Disease and Outbreaks Associated with Recreational Water Use and Other Aquatic Facility-Associated Health Events --- United States, 1997-2007, the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) entitled, "Surveillance for Waterborne Disease Outbreaks and Other Health Events Associated with Recreational Water --- United States, 2011--2012", the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) entitled, "Outbreaks Associated with Treated Recreational Water --- United States, 2000--2014" and the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) entitled, "Outbreaks Associated with Treated Recreational Water --- United States, 2015--2019". There are no finalized national reports past 2019. The Utah RWBDO data are derived from Utah annual surveillance reports, plus Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Surveillance for Waterborne Disease and Outbreaks data.

References and community resources

More information can be found here: [[br]] [https://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/surveillance/rec-water-surveillance-reports.html] [[br]] (The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's newest WBDO surveillance findings) [[br]] [http://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/] [[br]] [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6301a2.htm?s_cid=mm6301a2_w#]